Source src/silo:std.core

1##! Core primitive types and lang-item bindings for the Silo stdlib.
2##!
3##! Covers numeric ranges and aliases (U8..U64, I8..I64, F16..F64,
4##! D32..D128), the `Bool` enum, the foundational containers (`Option`,
5##! `Result`, `Pair`, `Ordering`), and host-provided method stubs for
6##! `Vec`.
7##!
8##! `HashMap` / `HashSet` method surfaces live in
9##! `silo:std.collections.hashmap` and `silo:std.collections.hashset`.
10
11# Primitive types — runtime-provided, declared via @lang on :impl
12@lang(int)
13:impl (Int range) :end
14@lang(float)
15:impl (Float bits) :end
16@lang(decimal)
17:impl (Decimal bits) :end
18@lang(str)
19:impl Str :end
20@lang(symbol)
21:impl Symbol :end
22@lang(unit)
23:impl Unit :end
24@lang(never)
25:impl Never :end
26
27# Range type
28## Represents a half-open range over an ordered element type.
29## Variants cover both-bounded, from-only, to-only, and unbounded forms.
30@lang(range)
31:union(pub) Range a | RangeBoth a a | RangeFrom a | RangeTo a | RangeFull :end
32
33# Integer type aliases
34## Alias for an integer of any signed range (existential lower/upper bounds).
35:alias(pub) AnyInt (Int ..)
36## Alias for an unsigned integer (any range starting at zero or higher).
37## Non-negative subset of AnyInt — `(Int 0..)` means "any non-negative Int".
38:alias(pub) AnyUInt (Int 0..)
39## Alias for a float of any bit-width.
40:alias(pub) AnyFloat (Float _)
41## Alias for a decimal of any bit-width.
42:alias(pub) AnyDecimal (Decimal _)
43## Unsigned 8-bit integer (range 0..256).
44:type(pub) U8   (Int 0..256)
45## Unsigned 16-bit integer (range 0..65536).
46:type(pub) U16  (Int 0..65536)
47## Unsigned 32-bit integer (range 0..2^32).
48:type(pub) U32  (Int 0..4294967296)
49## Unsigned 64-bit integer (range 0..2^64).
50:type(pub) U64  (Int 0..18446744073709551616)
51## Signed 8-bit integer (range -128..128).
52:type(pub) I8   (Int -128..128)
53## Signed 16-bit integer (range -32768..32768).
54:type(pub) I16  (Int -32768..32768)
55## Signed 32-bit integer (range -2^31..2^31).
56:type(pub) I32  (Int -2147483648..2147483648)
57## Signed 64-bit integer (range -2^63..2^63).
58:type(pub) I64  (Int -9223372036854775808..9223372036854775808)
59## Alias for an unsigned 8-bit byte (same range as U8).
60:type(pub) Byte U8
61## Unicode scalar value (code point in 0..0x110000).
62:type(pub) Codepoint (Int 0..1114112)
63## Back-compat alias for `Codepoint`.
64:alias(pub) Char Codepoint
65
66# Float type aliases
67## IEEE 754 binary16 half-precision float.
68:type(pub) F16 (Float 16)
69## IEEE 754 binary32 single-precision float.
70:type(pub) F32 (Float 32)
71## IEEE 754 binary64 double-precision float.
72:type(pub) F64 (Float 64)
73## IEEE 754-2008 decimal32.
74:type(pub) D32 (Decimal 32)
75## IEEE 754-2008 decimal64.
76:type(pub) D64 (Decimal 64)
77## IEEE 754-2008 decimal128.
78:type(pub) D128 (Decimal 128)
79
80# Bool enum
81## Two-valued boolean; variants are `false` and `true`.
82@lang(bool)
83:enum(pub) Bool
84  | false
85  | true
86:end
87
88# Core types
89## Optional value: `Some` carries an element, `None` represents absence.
90@lang(option)
91:union(pub) Option elem | None | Some elem :end
92## Result of a fallible computation: `Ok` on success, `Err` on failure.
93@lang(result)
94:union(pub) Result ok err | Ok ok | Err err :end
95## Ordered pair of two typed components, `.a` and `.b`.
96@lang(pair)
97:record(pub) Pair a b .a a .b b :end
98
99## Three-way comparison result, returned by `Ord`-adjacent APIs.
100@lang(ordering)
101:union(pub) Ordering
102  | Less
103  | Equal
104  | Greater
105:end
106
107# NOTE: Conversion impls (From/Into) for primitives are in silo:std.traits (lib/std/src/traits.si)
108
109# Vec methods
110# si[impl lang.vec+1] — `len` is an associated parameter (after the `|`
111# wall), so most callers write `(Vec elem)` and let the size get inferred.
112# Method bodies still write `(Vec elem len)` positionally at use sites.
113@lang(vec)
114:impl (Vec elem | len)
115  .push ( (Vec elem len) elem -> (Vec elem len) ) vec-push-intrinsic ;
116  .get ( AnyInt (Vec elem len) -> elem ) vec-get-intrinsic ;
117  .len ( (Vec elem len) -> AnyInt ) vec-len-intrinsic ;
118:end
119
120# Bytes — distinct type backed by (Vec Byte). Declared here (after the
121# Vec lang impl) because the `:type` form resolves its backing at
122# declaration time and needs `Vec` to already be in scope.
123# si[impl stdlib.bytes.type]
124## Nominal byte-sequence type. Runtime layout is the same as `(Vec Byte)` but
125## `Bytes` and `(Vec Byte)` are distinct types for dispatch purposes so that
126## byte-oriented methods live on a dedicated trait surface (`BytesOps`) and
127## don't collide with the generic `Vec` surface.
128:type(pub) Bytes (Vec Byte)
129